- What role, if any, do you believe the United States should play on the global stage?

On the global stage, the United States should lead with diplomacy. Our foreign policy should prioritize ethics, peace, and the protection of our citizens. Not, endless wars that enrich defense contractors and corporations while working families and the climate pay the price. Diplomacy and international cooperation should be our first tools, not our last resort. That means investing in alliances, human rights, and multilateral solutions over unnecessary military intervention. A strong America is one that leads by example, not by force.

- What is the greatest geo-political issue facing the United States today?

The greatest geopolitical threat facing the United States and the world is twofold: A new nuclear arms race combined with unchecked AI development and integration into global weapons systems. I bring a personal lens to this issue: I lived in the Marshall Islands, a community devastated by decades of U.S. nuclear weapons testing, and I've spent my career studying the impact of U.S. military action abroad. That experience shapes my conviction that no single person should hold the power to launch a nuclear weapon, and that Congress, not the executive alone, must reclaim its constitutional authority to declare war. Unnecessary wars and nuclear brinkmanship don't make us safer and don’t benefit our citizens, and with the advent of artificial intelligence and our lack of guardrails to constrain it, we are seeing a dangerous trend towards integrating AI into weapons systems in ways that increase the risk of an accidental nuclear war.

- How do you view America’s alliance system as it currently stands? What changes, if any, to the alliance structure would you like to see implemented?

America's alliance system has been weakened by President Trumpʼs chaotic leadership and by our unwillingness to hold traditional allies like Israel to a basic standard of respect for human rights and international law. I value the democratic alliances we've spent generations building, especially with Europe, and I support our membership in NATO and continued transatlantic partnership. Rebuilding trust with our allies means grounding those relationships in human rights and international law, not just military convenience. Allies should be treated as partners, and they should be held accountable for their actions.

- What role, if any, should U.S. foreign assistance play in advancing America's interests abroad, and what principles would guide your decisions on funding those programs?  How do you view the decision to shutter USAID?

U.S. foreign assistance is one of our most effective tools for advancing both our values and our interests abroad. Programs like USAID represent the soft power I support. They build goodwill, prevent conflict before it starts, and save lives, all at a fraction of the cost of military intervention. Shuttering USAID was a reckless and dangerous decision that will lead to many avoidable deaths around the world. I would guide foreign assistance funding with clear principles: prioritize humanitarian needs, strengthen democratic institutions, and ensure aid isn't used as leverage for corporate or military interests. Investing in global health, education, and development is forward thinking foreign policy I support.

- What role should Congress play in authorizing or overseeing the use of U.S. military force abroad, including recent actions involving Iran?

Congress must reclaim its constitutional authority to authorize war. No single person, regardless of party, should have the unilateral power to make decisions that put millions of lives at risk. That includes recent military actions involving Iran, which should have gone through Congress rather than being decided by the executive branch. War powers exist for a reason; to ensure decisions of this magnitude are debated, deliberated, and accountable to the American people. Reasserting that authority is essential to preventing unnecessary escalation and avoiding conflicts we can't easily undo.

- What outcomes should the United States pursue in its relations with Iran and what approaches do you support in achieving these goals?

I support ending military escalation with Iran and pursuing a diplomatic path forward instead. As a member of Congress, I will always stand for peace and do everything in my power to avoid the calamitous and far-reaching consequences of war. The American people did not ask for this war in Iran, and it never received congressional approval. My goal is a negotiated agreement that verifiably prevents Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons, not through bombs, but through the kind of sustained diplomacy that produced the original Iran nuclear deal before it was abandoned. Regime change and endless war have never made the region, or the world, safer. That's why I support enforcing the War Powers Resolution to ensure Congress has real oversight over any military action. I also strongly oppose the use of unsupervised artificial intelligence in planning, decision making, or execution of military attacks. Decisions with life or death consequences must remain in human hands, with real people accountable for them.

- Do you support further aid to Ukraine in its war with Russia? If so, what types of aid would you vote for?

Yes, I support continued aid to Ukraine alongside a genuine push for a diplomatic resolution. Russia's unprovoked invasion is a war of aggression that threatens global security, and it didn't start in 2022. Russia broke prior diplomatic agreements when it first invaded in 2014, and I believe that history should inform how we negotiate any lasting peace now. I support fiscally responsible aid that is appropriately targeted: humanitarian assistance and non-nuclear military aid, delivered in coordination with our European allies. Ukraine must be at the center of any negotiated settlement. A just and lasting peace can't be imposed over the heads of the people who are fighting and dying for it. Our priority should be ending the suffering, not prolonging the war, but not at the cost of rewarding aggression either.

- How should the U.S. approach its relationship with Israel?

As a history and religion scholar, I understand the deep and complicated history between Israel, Palestine, and the United States. This history demands honesty and accountability, and I believe what Israel is doing in Gaza and the West Bank is a genocide. The United States cannot continue sending military weapons that are being used to kill civilians. I recognize this is a longstanding alliance, but loyalty to an ally cannot come at the cost of staying silent while innocent people are being killed. The U.S. should use its leverage to push Israel toward a diplomatic resolution, not continue arming a war that's devastating a civilian population. I also recognize that our inability to have a constructive and open conversation about this issue in the United States has led to a rise in antisemitism and anti-Muslim sentiment, and this is unacceptable. We must be able to meet disagreement head on and move forward with the recognition that we can make policy and protect human life while respecting one anotherʼs differences and treating every person with dignity.

- What path would you like to see the United States chart in regards to international trade relations? What role should Congress play in setting trade policy?

I want trade relationships that put American workers first. That means our trade policy should value labor, not just corporate profit margins, and it starts with protecting unions and giving them a seat at the table in every trade negotiation. Congress, not a single executive, should be setting that policy. The more voices representing the American people in these decisions, the better the outcomes are for working families rather than just shareholders.

- Where do you believe the United States should seek cooperation with countries that are also strategic competitors, such as China, and where should it draw firm lines?

China has become a major driver of technological innovation and production, and that competition can push the United States to do better. But recognizing China's strengths doesn't mean sacrificing our own workers for cheaper goods. I don't support Trump's blanket tariffs, which raise costs for everyday Americans without meaningfully protecting jobs. Instead, I support real investment in American labor and production: strengthening unions, rebuilding domestic manufacturing, and competing on the strength of our workforce rather than a trade war. The U.S. and China are fundamentally different systems with different values, and that's not a problem to solve. It's a reality to navigate clearly and firmly, without pretending we're the same or need to be.

- What are your current views on immigration policy and enforcement in the United States? This includes legal and illegal immigration, refugee resettlement, and asylum programs.

Our current immigration system is broken, and fixing it requires competence and humanity, not chaos and fear. I support a fair path to citizenship for people who have built their lives here, and a functioning asylum and refugee process that meets our legal and moral obligations. I also support abolishing ICE and replacing it with a new Civil Immigration Enforcement Agency, one bound by strict constitutional guardrails: warrants required, no masked agents, mandatory body cameras, and independent oversight that reports directly to Congress. Criminal enforcement, including human trafficking, smuggling, and organized border crime, should be handled separately by agencies with real investigative capacity, like the FBI, DEA, and a reconstituted CBP focused on border security rather than civil immigration sweeps. A personʼs civil immigration status is not evidence of a crime, and our enforcement system shouldn't treat it like one.

- What role should the U.S. Congress play in shaping U.S. Foreign Policy and how much should it defer to the President and the U.S. Department of State?

The Constitution gives Congress the power to declare war, ratify treaties, and control funding, and those powers have eroded by presidents acting first and briefing Congress later. I support restoring Congress's role in authorizing military action, reviewing major arms sales and foreign aid packages, and holding real oversight hearings, not just symbolic ones. Foreign policy that reflects the will of the American people has to include the people's representatives, not just the agencies and officials.The executive branch must work with congress to ensure all military action is well thought out, debated, and made with the American people in mind.

- How do international events affect the lives of people in New Hampshire, and how would your foreign policy priorities benefit the state?

My foreign policy priorities directly impact the lives of people in New Hampshire. Keeping us out of unnecessary wars means fewer taxpayer dollars spent on endless conflicts abroad, and more resources available for what actually matters here at home: public education, workers' rights, and affordable healthcare. It also means protecting the small businesses and manufacturers across the state that get hit hardest by reckless tariffs and trade wars, protecting our seacoast and all our communities from the climate-related impacts of warfare, and ensuring New Hampshire's veterans and military families aren't sent to fight in needless wars.